The market situation for 5-MAPB, a designer drug and research chemical, has fluctuated recently. This compound, known for its psychoactive effects, is often sought after by individuals interested in exploring its potential recreational and psychotropic properties. Here’s an overview of the current market landscape:
Online Availability: 5-MAPB is available through various online vendors and marketplaces. These sellers often market it as a research chemical, emphasizing its non-consumable nature.
Vendor Diversity: Numerous vendors across the internet offer 5-MAPB, contributing to a competitive market. This diversity of sellers allows buyers to choose from various sources, each with its own pricing and quality standards.
Buyer Interest: The demand for 5-MAPB remains moderate, primarily driven by individuals looking for novel recreational experiences and researchers studying its chemical properties. Its status as a designer drug keeps it on the radar of those exploring new substances.
Legal Considerations: The legality of 5-MAPB varies by jurisdiction, leading to different levels of risk for both buyers and sellers. Some regions have placed legal restrictions on its sale and possession, which sellers and buyers must navigate.
Contents
- 1 Summary
- 2 Chemistry
- 3 Pharmacology
- 4 Subjective effects
- 5 Toxicity
- 6 Legal status
- 7 FAQ
- 7.1 1. What is 5-MAPB?
- 7.2 2. What are the effects of 5-MAPB?
- 7.3 3. Is 5-MAPB legal?
- 7.4 4. Is 5-MAPB safe to use?
- 7.5 5. How do I use 5-MAPB?
- 7.6 6. Are there any known health risks associated with 5-MAPB?
- 7.7 7. Can 5-MAPB be detected in drug tests?
- 7.8 8. Is 5-MAPB addictive?
- 7.9 9. Can 5-MAPB be used for therapeutic purposes?
- 7.10 10. What precautions should I take when using 5-MAPB?
- 8 References
Summary
5-(2-methylaminopropyl)benzofuran, commonly referred to as 5-MAPB and belonging to the substituted benzofuran chemical class, is a synthetic entactogen. Compounds within this class are renowned for their ability to induce euphoria, stimulate, and produce mild hallucinogenic effects. Notable relatives in this category include 5-APB, 6-APB, and 5-EAPB, all inspired by the chemical structure of MDA. 5-MAPB is essentially the N-methylated counterpart of 5-APB, akin to how MDMA relates to MDA.
This compound is distinguished for its capacity to elicit stimulating, euphoric, and entactogenic sensations, making it a quasi-substitute for MDMA. Consequently, it has gained popularity as a readily accessible research chemical obtainable from online vendors. Its emergence as a designer drug traces back to around 2010.
5-MAPB typically appears in the form of its succinate and hydrochloride salts. It’s worth noting that the hydrochloride salt is approximately 36% more potent by mass, necessitating dose adjustments for users. This information underscores the importance of precise dosage for those considering its use.
| Identifiers | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name | |
| CAS Number | 1354631-77-8 |
|---|---|
| PubChem CID | 102336592 |
| ChemSpider | 32078887 |
| UNII | XW34GUY2OY |
| CompTox Dashboard (EPA) | DTXSID301010102 |
| Chemical and physical data | |
| Formula | C12H15NO |
| Molar mass | 189.25 g/mol (freebase) 225.7 g/mol (HCl salt) g·mol−1 |
Chemistry
5-(2-methylaminopropyl)benzofuran, commonly abbreviated as 5-MAPB, falls within the substituted benzofuran and phenethylamine categories. Its chemical structure comprises an ethylamine chain that is N-methylated, connected to a furan ring, which, in turn, is attached to a central benzene ring. Comparably, it can also be categorized as a derivative of methamphetamine, as the ethylamine chain undergoes alpha methylation similar to methamphetamine’s structure.
Regarding its chemical classification, molecules within the amphetamine family possess a core structure featuring a phenethylamine base. This base consists of a phenyl ring linked to an amino (NH2) group through an ethyl chain, often with an additional methyl substitution at the Rα position. Notably, 5-MAPB’s furan ring contains an oxygen atom situated at the 5 part, a placement generally associated with more stimulating effects, as opposed to the 6 position, which tends to impart a more psychedelic character to substances.
Pharmacology
5-MAPB is a triple reuptake inhibitor for the monoamines norepinephrine, dopamine, and serotonin. Additionally, it acts as an agonist for the 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors. There is also speculation that 5-MAPB is a releasing agent for the neurotransmitters above.
Consequently, substances like 5-MAPB are believed to operate by enhancing serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine neurotransmitters in the brain. They achieve this by binding to and partially obstructing the transporter proteins responsible for clearing and reuptaking these monoamines from the synaptic cleft. This, in turn, permits the accumulation of serotonin, dopamine, and norepinephrine within various regions of the brain associated with reward and cognitive processes. As a result, users may experience stimulating and euphoric effects.
Subjective effects
Disclaimer: The effects listed below cite the Subjective Effect Index (SEI), an open research literature based on anecdotal user reports and the personal analyses of PsychonautWiki contributors. As a result, they should be viewed with a healthy degree of scepticism.
It is also worth noting that these effects will not necessarily occur predictably or reliably, although higher doses are more liable to induce the full spectrum of products. Likewise, adverse effects become increasingly likely with higher doses, including addiction, severe injury, or death ☠.
Physical:
- Stimulation – Regarding its effects on the user’s physical energy levels, 5-MAPB is commonly regarded as significantly less stimulating and energizing than MDMA while retaining its core entactogenic products. Unlike MDMA, which encourages activities such as running, climbing and dancing in a way that makes it a popular choice for musical events such as festivals and raves, the distinct style of stimulation that 5-MAPB presents can be described as mildly to moderately forced, trending more towards sedation and relaxation. This means that at higher doses, it becomes difficult or impossible to keep still as jaw clenching, involuntary body shakes, and vibrations become present, resulting in an extreme unsteadiness of the hands and a general lack of motor control, though to a far lesser degree than with MDMA.
- Increased heart rate
- Dehydration
- Appetite suppression
- Nausea
- Temporary erectile dysfunction
- Increased perspiration
- Nystagmus
Visual:
Cognitive:
- The cognitive effects of 5-MAPB are primarily comparable to MDMA but missing the physical and mental stimulation that would be associated. Instead, it focuses mainly on serotonergic activity, leading to more pronounced feelings of empathy, euphoria and a generally relaxed state of mind. At higher dosages, this becomes less apparent as physical and cognitive side effects appear, which can result in states of confusion and restlessness, perhaps more severe than with MDMA. It also shares many of its products with 5-APB.
After:
- The effects that occur during the offset of a stimulant experience generally feel negative and uncomfortable compared to the impact that occurred during its peak. This is often called a “comedown” because of neurotransmitter depletion. Its effects commonly include:
Toxicity
The toxicity and long-term health consequences of recreational 5-MAPB use have yet to undergo comprehensive scientific study, and the precise toxic dosage remains unknown. This uncertainty stems from the limited history of human usage associated with 5-MAPB. While anecdotal reports from individuals within the community who have experimented with 5-MAPB at low to moderate doses suggest minimal adverse health effects when used cautiously, it is essential to exercise caution as no guarantees can be provided.
It’s worth noting that 5-MAPB’s notable activation of the serotonin-2b (5-HT2b) receptor, a receptor linked to cardiovalvulopathy, implies potential cardiotoxicity with prolonged use, similar to other substances that stimulate 5-HT2B receptors, such as fenfluramine and MDMA.
For individuals considering using 5-MAPB, it is highly advisable to employ harm reduction practices.
Tolerance and Addiction Potential
As with other entactogenic stimulants, chronic use of 5-MAPB can be moderately addictive, posing a high risk of abuse and the potential for psychological dependence in certain users. Once addiction develops, individuals may experience cravings and withdrawal symptoms if they abruptly cease usage.
Over time and with repeated administration, tolerance to many of 5-MAPB’s effects tends to develop. Consequently, users may need to increase their doses to achieve the same impact progressively. Tolerance reduction typically takes about 3 to 7 days to reach half and 1 to 2 weeks to return to baseline, assuming no further consumption. It’s important to note that 5-MAPB induces cross-tolerance with all dopaminergic stimulants, meaning that the effectiveness of all stimuli is reduced after 5-MAPB use.
Psychosis
Excessive and prolonged consumption of compounds within the amphetamine chemical class, such as 5-MAPB, can potentially lead to stimulant psychosis characterized by symptoms like paranoia, hallucinations, or delusions. Recovery from such psychosis can be incomplete, with approximately 5–15% of users failing to regain normal functioning fully. Antipsychotic medications have been reported to alleviate symptoms of acute amphetamine-induced psychosis effectively. It’s essential to recognize that psychosis very rarely arises from therapeutic use.
Dangerous Interactions
Caution must be exercised when combining 5-MAPB with other substances, as certain combinations pose significant risks. It is imperative to conduct independent research and exercise vigilance to ensure the safety of any variety. Some known dangerous interactions include:
- 25x-NBOMe & 25x-NBOH: These compounds are highly stimulating and physically demanding. Combining them with 5-MAPB should be strictly avoided due to the risk of excessive stimulation, heart strain, increased blood pressure, vasoconstriction, panic attacks, thought loops, seizures, and even heart failure in extreme cases.
- Alcohol: Combining alcohol with stimulants can be hazardous, as stimulants can mask the depressant effects of alcohol, potentially leading to over-intoxication. After the stimulant effects wear off, the depressant effects of alcohol can cause blackouts and severe respiratory depression. If combining the two, users should strictly limit their alcohol consumption.
- DXM: Combining DXM with 5-MAPB should be avoided due to its inhibitory effects on serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake. This combination increases the risk of panic attacks, hypertensive crisis, or serotonin syndrome when used with serotonin releasers like MDMA, methylone, or mephedrone. Careful blood pressure monitoring is essential, and strenuous physical activity should be avoided.
- MDMA: Combining MDMA with 5-MAPB may amplify neurotoxic effects and increase the risk of high blood pressure and heart strain (cardiotoxicity).
- MXE: Reports suggest that combining MXE with 5-MAPB may dangerously raise blood pressure and increase the risk of mania and psychosis.
- Dissociatives: Both 5-MAPB and dissociatives risk inducing delusions, mania, and psychosis, which may be exacerbated when combined.
- Stimulants: Combining 5-MAPB with other stimulants like cocaine can lead to dangerous heart rate and blood pressure increases.
- Tramadol: Tramadol is known to lower the seizure threshold, and when combined with stimulants, it may further increase this risk.
- MAOIs: Combining 5-MAPB with MAOIs can lead to dangerously elevated levels of neurotransmitters like dopamine, potentially resulting in life-threatening situations. Examples of MAOIs include Syrian rue, banisteriopsis caapi, and certain antidepressants.
Serotonin Syndrome Risk
Combinations with specific substances can cause dangerously high serotonin levels, resulting in serotonin syndrome, which requires immediate medical attention and can be fatal if left untreated. These include:
- MAOIs like banisteriopsis caapi, Syrian rue, phenelzine, selegiline, and moclobemide.
- Serotonin releasers include MDMA, 4-FA, methamphetamine, methylone, and αMT.
- SSRIs like citalopram and sertraline.
- SNRIs like tramadol and venlafaxine.
- 5-HTP.
Legal status
Here is the information about the legal status of 5-MAPB in various countries:
- France: Since May 9, 2018, 5-MAPB has been classified as a narcotic, along with other substances derived from benzofuran.
- Germany: As of November 26, 2016, 5-MAPB is regulated under the NpSG (New Psychoactive Substances Act).[8] Producing, importing for marketing, administering to another person, and trading 5-MAPB is punishable. Possession is illegal but not penalized.
- Japan: 5-MAPB is a controlled substance in Japan, effective as of August 15, 2015.
- Luxembourg: 5-MAPB is not listed among prohibited substances, making it legal in Luxembourg.
- Switzerland: 5-MAPB is categorized as a controlled substance named explicitly under Verzeichnis E.
- United Kingdom: 5-MAPB is classified as a Class B drug.
- United States: 5-MAPB could be considered an analogue of MDA and, if intended for human consumption, may fall under the purview of the Federal Analogue Act.
FAQ
1. What is 5-MAPB?
5-MAPB is a synthetic compound that belongs to the substituted benzofuran class of chemicals. It is known for its entactogenic and empathogenic effects, similar to substances like MDMA (Ecstasy).
2. What are the effects of 5-MAPB?
The effects of 5-MAPB can include:
- Increased empathy.
- Feelings of love and sociability.
- Enhanced sensory perception.
- A general sense of relaxation and euphoria.
It can also produce physical effects such as stimulation, increased heart rate, and changes in perception.
3. Is 5-MAPB legal?
The legal status of 5-MAPB varies by country. It is classified as a controlled substance or narcotic in some places, while in others, it may still be legal. Always check your local laws and regulations before obtaining or using 5-MAPB.
4. Is 5-MAPB safe to use?
The safety of 5-MAPB is a subject of ongoing research, and its long-term effects are poorly understood. Like other psychoactive substances, it carries risks, including potential addiction, psychological dependence, and adverse reactions. Using harm reduction practices and being cautious with dosage is essential.
5. How do I use 5-MAPB?
Typically, 5-MAPB is taken orally as a powder, tablet, or capsule. It’s crucial to accurately measure the dose and be aware of the purity of the substance. Start with a low amount if you’re inexperienced and gradually increase if needed while considering the potential risks.
6. Are there any known health risks associated with 5-MAPB?
While research on 5-MAPB is limited, it’s important to note that it can carry risks, especially when misused or in high doses. These risks may include cardiovascular effects, anxiety, depression, and other psychological or physical side effects.
7. Can 5-MAPB be detected in drug tests?
5-MAPB is not typically included in standard drug tests. However, specialized tests can detect its presence. Awareness of your local drug testing policies and procedures is essential.
8. Is 5-MAPB addictive?
Like many psychoactive substances, 5-MAPB can be moderately addictive, with a potential for psychological dependence, especially with chronic use. It’s advisable to use it sparingly and be mindful of the risk of addiction.
9. Can 5-MAPB be used for therapeutic purposes?
There is limited research on the therapeutic potential of 5-MAPB. Some users report therapeutic effects, such as improved mood and increased empathy, but it has not undergone rigorous clinical testing for medicinal use.
10. What precautions should I take when using 5-MAPB?
If you choose to use 5-MAPB, consider harm reduction practices, including accurate dosage measurement, testing for purity, staying hydrated, and having a trusted friend present. Avoid combining it with other substances, and be mindful of your mental and physical well-being during and after use.
Remember that the legality and safety of 5-MAPB can vary significantly by location, so it’s crucial to research and understand the laws and risks associated with its use in your area.
References
1. EMCDDA–Europol 2010 Annual Report on the implementation of Council Decision 2005/387/JHA
2. Dawson, P., Opacka-Juffry, J., Moffatt, J. D., Daniju, Y., Dutta, N., Ramsey, J., Davidson, C. (3 January 2014). “The effects of benzofury (5-APB) on the dopamine transporter and 5-HT2-dependent vasoconstriction in the rat”. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry. 48: 57–63. doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2013.08.013. ISSN 1878-4216.
3. Iversen, L., Gibbons, S., Treble, R., Setola, V., Huang, X.-P., Roth, B. L. (30 January 2013). “Neurochemical profiles of some novel psychoactive substances”. European Journal of Pharmacology. 700 (1): 147–151. doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.12.006. ISSN 0014-2999.
4. Talaie, H.; Panahandeh, R.; Fayaznouri, M. R.; Asadi, Z.; Abdollahi, M. (2009). “Dose-independent occurrence of seizure with tramadol”. Journal of Medical Toxicology. 5 (2): 63–67. doi:10.1007/BF03161089. eISSN 1937-6995. ISSN 1556-9039. OCLC 163567183.
5. Gillman, P. K. (2005). “Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, opioid analgesics and serotonin toxicity”. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 95 (4): 434–441. doi:10.1093/bja/aei210 Freely accessible. eISSN 1471-6771. ISSN 0007-0912. OCLC 01537271. PMID 16051647.
6. Gillman, P. K. (2005). “Monoamine oxidase inhibitors, opioid analgesics and serotonin toxicity”. British Journal of Anaesthesia. 95 (4): 434–441. doi:10.1093/bja/aei210 Freely accessible. eISSN 1471-6771. ISSN 0007-0912. OCLC 01537271. PMID 16051647.
7. “Article Annexe IV – Arrêté du 22 février 1990 fixant la liste des substances classées comme stupéfiants” (in French). Légifrance. Retrieved September 23, 2022.
8. “Anlage NpSG” (in German). Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
9. “Gesetz zur Bekämpfung der Verbreitung neuer psychoaktiver Stoffe” (PDF) (in German). Bundesanzeiger Verlag. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
10. “§ 4 NpSG” (in German). Bundesministerium der Justiz und für Verbraucherschutz. Retrieved December 18, 2019.
11. “平成26年8月15日付けで以下の21物質が指定薬物に指定されました。（施行日：平成26年8月25日）” (in Japanese). 厚生労働省 [Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW)]. Retrieved on May 2, 2022.
12. Loi du 19 février 1973 concernant la vente de substances médicamenteuses et la lutte contre la toxicomanie. | http://legilux.public.lu/eli/etat/leg/loi/1973/02/19/n1/jo
13. “Verordnung des EDI über die Verzeichnisse der Betäubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorläuferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien” (in German). Bundeskanzlei [Federal Chancellery of Switzerland]. Retrieved January 1, 2020.