Summary
Dibenzylpiperazine (DBZP) is a piperazine derivative commonly detected as an unintended byproduct in the recreational stimulant known as benzylpiperazine (BZP). The existence of DBZP serves as an indicator of substandard or poorly produced BZP. DBZP can form as a byproduct during the synthesis of BZP due to factors like excessive reaction temperatures or the overuse of benzyl chloride.
| Identifiers | |
|---|---|
| CAS Number | 1034-11-3 |
| 3D model (JSmol) | Interactive imageInteractive image |
| ChemSpider | 173653 |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.153.085 |
| PubChemCID | 200601 |
| UNII | 616774W5JF |
| CompTox Dashboard(EPA) | DTXSID10899765 |
Pharmacology and effects
There is no evidence to suggest that DBZP has any stimulant effects on its own, although formal testing in this regard has not been conducted.
Legal status
China
In China, as of October 2015, DBZP is classified as a controlled substance.
United States
At the federal level in the United States, DBZP is not currently scheduled as a controlled substance. However, it is worth noting that it may be treated as an analogue of BZP. In such cases, sales or possession with the intention of human consumption could be subject to prosecution under the Federal Analog Act.
Florida
In the state of Florida, DBZP is categorized as a Schedule I controlled substance. This designation makes it illegal to purchase, sell, or possess DBZP within the state of Florida.
FAQ
- What is Dibenzylpiperazine (DBZP)?Dibenzylpiperazine (DBZP) is a chemical compound that is often found as an impurity in the recreational stimulant drug benzylpiperazine (BZP). It is a derivative of piperazine and may be present due to the quality of BZP synthesis.
- How is DBZP related to BZP?DBZP is closely related to BZP as it is typically found as an impurity within BZP preparations. Its presence is often an indicator of low-quality or poorly synthesized BZP.
- Does DBZP have stimulant effects on its own?The stimulant effects of DBZP, if any, are not well-documented and have not been extensively studied. It is primarily considered an impurity in BZP rather than a standalone psychoactive substance.
- Is DBZP regulated as a controlled substance?Regulation of DBZP varies by region. For example, as of October 2015, China classifies DBZP as a controlled substance. In the United States, it is not currently scheduled as a controlled substance at the federal level. However, it may be treated as an analog of BZP, potentially leading to prosecution under the Federal Analog Act. In Florida, DBZP is a Schedule I controlled substance, making it illegal to buy, sell, or possess in the state.
- How does DBZP end up in BZP preparations?DBZP can be produced as an impurity during the synthesis of BZP. This may occur due to factors such as the reaction being run at excessively high temperatures or an excess of benzyl chloride being used in the synthesis process.
- Is DBZP commonly found in recreational substances?DBZP is not a substance that is intentionally included in recreational products. It is typically a byproduct of BZP synthesis and can indicate suboptimal manufacturing processes.
- Is DBZP known to be harmful?The potential health effects of DBZP are not well-researched, primarily because it is an impurity rather than a primary substance of interest. Nonetheless, the quality of BZP and substances containing DBZP can vary, which raises concerns about impurities in recreational substances.
- Is there a difference between DBZP and BZP in terms of effects?As an impurity, DBZP is not expected to have its own unique effects. Its presence is often used as a marker for the quality of BZP, and its potential effects are typically associated with the BZP product in which it is found.
References
- In a study conducted in July 2010, researchers examined the consistency of substances sold as ‘legal highs’ on the internet. The study found that the composition of these products could be highly variable, including the presence of impurities like DBZP. The findings emphasized the potential risks associated with these products, as consumers might not be aware of what they are ingesting.
- China has taken regulatory measures regarding DBZP. As of September 27, 2015, China’s Food and Drug Administration issued a notice regarding the “Measures for the Control of Non-Medical Anesthetic Drugs and Psychotropic Drugs,” effectively regulating DBZP.
- In the United States, DBZP is not classified as a controlled substance at the federal level. However, there is a possibility that it could be considered an analog of BZP under the Federal Analog Act, potentially leading to prosecution for sales or possession intended for human consumption.
- In the state of Florida, DBZP is categorized as a Schedule I controlled substance according to Chapter 893 of the Florida Statutes. This classification makes it illegal to buy, sell, or possess DBZP in the state.