5F-AMB

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Summary

5F-AMB, also recognized as 5F-MMB-PINACA and 5F-AMB-PINACA, belongs to the indazole-3-carboxamide family, making it a synthetic cannabinoid of this class. It has been employed as an active constituent in synthetic cannabis products and was initially pinpointed in Japan in the early months of 2014. While there is limited pharmacological data available specifically for 5F-AMB itself, its 4-cyclobutyl analog (in place of 5-fluorophenyl) has been reported as a potent agonist for the CB1 receptor (KI = 0.7 nM).

Identifiers
IUPAC name
CAS Number1801552-03-3 (S-isomer)
1715016-74-2 (racemate)
PubChem CID119025812
ChemSpider30646783
UNIIDK24ID0BCL
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)DTXSID501009985
Chemical and physical data
FormulaC19H26FN3O3
Molar mass363.433 g·mol−1

Side effects

5F-AMB has been associated with several fatalities, either on its own [8], in conjunction with various substances including AB-CHMINACA, AB-FUBINACA, AM-2201, 5F-APINACA, EAM-2201, JWH-018, JWH-122, MAM-2201, STS-135, and THJ-2201, or when combined with AB-CHMINACA and Diphenidine.

Legality

  1. In the United States, 5F-AMB is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance.
  2. Germany has designated 5F-AMB as an Anlage II controlled substance since May 2015.
  3. Sweden’s public health agency recommended categorizing 5F-AMB as a hazardous substance on November 10, 2014.
  4. The state of Louisiana implemented an emergency rule to ban 5F-AMB after its detection in a synthetic cannabinoid product named “Kali Berry 2” on June 3, 2014.
  5. Singapore controls 5F-AMB under the Fifth Schedule of the Misuse of Drugs Act (MDA) since May 2015.
  6. Japan scheduled 5F-AMB on July 25, 2014.
  7. Since October 2015, 5F-AMB has been a controlled substance in China.
  8. In December 2019, the UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime) announced scheduling recommendations, placing 5F-MMB-PINACA as a Schedule II controlled research chemical.

FAQ

1. What is 5F-AMB?

5F-AMB is a synthetic cannabinoid known for its association with synthetic cannabis products. It has been linked to various adverse effects, including fatalities.

2. Are there documented fatalities associated with 5F-AMB use?

Yes, there have been reports of fatalities related to 5F-AMB use, both when used on its own and in combination with other substances.

3. What substances is 5F-AMB commonly combined with?

5F-AMB has been found in combination with substances like AB-CHMINACA, AB-FUBINACA, AM-2201, 5F-APINACA, EAM-2201, JWH-018, JWH-122, MAM-2201, STS-135, THJ-2201, and Diphenidine, which have been associated with adverse outcomes.

4. Is 5F-AMB legal?

The legal status of 5F-AMB varies by country. In the United States, it is classified as a Schedule I controlled substance. It is also controlled in many other countries due to its association with health risks.

5. Are there any known health risks associated with 5F-AMB use?

Yes, 5F-AMB use has been linked to serious health risks, including fatalities. Users should be aware of the potential dangers and avoid its consumption.

6. Where can I find more information about 5F-AMB?

You can seek more information about 5F-AMB from authoritative sources, including government agencies, health professionals, and substance abuse organizations. Staying informed is essential to make safe choices regarding substance use.

References

  1. Anvisa (2023-07-24) issued “RDC Nº 804 – Listas de Substâncias Entorpecentes, Psicotrópicas, Precursoras e Outras sob Controle Especial” [Collegiate Board Resolution No. 804 – Lists of Narcotic, Psychotropic, Precursor, and Other Substances under Special Control] in Brazilian Portuguese. This official document was published in Diário Oficial da União on 2023-07-25 and archived until 2023-08-27.
  2. Information about “5-Fluoro-AMB” can be found at Cayman Chemical, with retrieval on 22 June 2015.
  3. Nahoko Uchiyama, Yoshihiko Shimokawa, Maiko Kawamura, Ruri Kikura-Hanajiri, and Takashi Hakamatsuka (August 2014) conducted a “Chemical analysis of a benzofuran derivative, 2-(2-ethylaminopropyl)benzofuran (2-EAPB), eight synthetic cannabinoids, five cathinone derivatives, and five other designer drugs newly detected in illegal products.” This research was published in Forensic Toxicology (Volume 32, Issue 2) and is accessible through the DOI: 10.1007/s11419-014-0238-5. The PMID is 25893797.
  4. Shevyrin V, Melkozerov V, Nevero A, Eltsov O, Shafran Y, Morzherin Y, and Lebedev AT (August 2015) focused on the “Identification and analytical characteristics of synthetic cannabinoids with an indazole-3-carboxamide structure bearing a N-1-methoxycarbonylalkyl group.” This research was featured in Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry (Volume 407, Issue 21), and it can be accessed via the DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8612-7. The PMID is 25893797.
  5. Andersson M, Diao X, Wohlfarth A, Scheidweiler KB, and Huestis MA (April 2016) contributed to “Metabolic profiling of new synthetic cannabinoids AMB and 5F-AMB by human hepatocyte and liver microsome incubations and high-resolution mass spectrometry.” This research was published in Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (Volume 30, Issue 8) and can be found through the DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7538. The PMID is 27003044.
  6. WO 2009106980, titled “Indazole derivatives,” was published on 3 September 2009 and assigned to Pfizer Inc.
  7. Banister SD, Longworth M, Kevin R, Sachdev S, Santiago M, Stuart J, et al. (September 2016) conducted research on the “Pharmacology of Valinate and tert-Leucinate Synthetic Cannabinoids 5F-AMBICA, 5F-AMB, 5F-ADB, AMB-FUBINACA, MDMB-FUBINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and Their Analogues.” The results were published in ACS Chemical Neuroscience (Volume 7, Issue 9) and are accessible through the DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00137. The PMID is 27421060.
  8. Shanks KG and Behonick GS (May 2016) reported on a “Death after use of the synthetic cannabinoid 5F-AMB” in the Forensic Science International journal (Volume 262). This information can be found via the DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.03.004. The PMID is 27017174.
  9. Hess C, Stockhausen S, Kernbach-Wighton G, and Madea B (December 2015) investigated a “Death due to diabetic ketoacidosis: Induction by the consumption of synthetic cannabinoids?” This study was published in Forensic Science International (Volume 257) and can be accessed through the DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2015.08.012. The PMID is 26363623.
  10. Koutaro Hasegawa, Amin Wurita, Kayoko Minakata, Kunio Gonmori, Hideki Nozawa, Itaru Yamagishi, Kanako Watanabe, and Osamu Suzuki (January 2015) focused on the “Postmortem distribution of AB-CHMINACA, 5-fluoro-AMB, and diphenidine in body fluids and solid tissues in a fatal poisoning case: usefulness of adipose tissue for detection of the drugs in unchanged forms.” This research was published in Forensic Toxicology (Volume 33, Issue 1) and is accessible via the DOI: 10.1007/s11419-014-0245-6. The PMID is 26363623.
  11. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) issued “Schedules of Controlled Substances: Temporary Placement of Six Synthetic Cannabinoids (5F-ADB, 5F-AMB, 5F-APINACA, ADB-FUBINACA, MDMB-CHMICA, and MDMB-FUBINACA) Into Schedule I.” This information was archived on 2019-10-17.
  12. The “Gesetz über den Verkehr mit Betäubungsmitteln (Betäubungsmittelgesetz – BtMG) Anlage II” (German Narcotics Act – BtMG) Annex II was

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